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Do Interesting Things · 5 of 16

The Speed of Light

The universe's speed limit, and how far away everything really is

How fast is fast?

186,282miles per second
7.5trips around Earth in one second
1.3seconds from the Moon
8 min 20 sfrom the Sun

Nothing with mass can reach this speed. It's the universe's speed limit.

Light-years: distance, not time

ObjectDistanceIts light left...
The Moon1.3 light-secondsA moment ago
The Sun8.3 light-minutesBefore you finished your coffee
Proxima Centauri (nearest star)4.2 light-yearsAbout four years ago
Center of our galaxyAbout 26,000 light-yearsBefore farming began
Andromeda GalaxyAbout 2.5 million light-yearsBefore modern humans existed

One light-year is about 5.9 trillion miles, the distance light travels in a year.

Looking back in time

Every view is old news

  • You see the Sun as it was 8 minutes ago
  • You see stars as they were years ago
  • Some stars you see may no longer exist

Why it matters

  • Telescopes are time machines
  • The farthest light shows the young universe
  • Radio to Mars takes 3 to 22 minutes each way

Remember

Look up at night and you're seeing the past.